Let's take a step back, I think you brought up a really important point here
The standardized intranasal spray formulation enables researchers to investigate peptide stability, formulation science, analytical reproducibility, and delivery characteristics under controlled laboratory conditions
Their active compounds exhibit effectiveness against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, may enhance organ function, serve as appetite stimulants, and can be utilized in the treatment of infections in the respiratory, urinary, and digestive systems
Oxamate (LDHA inhibitor) and siRNA knockdown of LDHA inhibited the metabolic promotion and differentiation of VSMCs [129]
Biochem Pharmacol (2010) 80(9):134355.10.1016/j.bcp.2010.07.019 54 ByrneLVan HarenF