The mitochondria are surrounded by a delicate lipid bilayer that is highly vulnerable to lipid peroxidationa type of damage caused by unchecked free radicals
Xanthine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase from an estivating land snail
Structured from the figure, the GSH and other peptide and protein is different, it's a special peptide bond in the molecule,by glutamate gamma carboxyl (-COOH) and alpha amino-cysteine (NH2) peptidebond condensation
Lipid peroxidation preferentially accumulates at lysosomal membranes and precedes lysosome rupture, transcription factor EB (TFEB) activation, and cathepsin-dependent plasma membrane breakdown, thereby positioning lysosomal stress at the center of population-scale death amplification
Chronic mold exposure simultaneously depletes glutathione, SAM-e, and sulfate reserves while increasing the total conjugation demand