Cellular stress defense MAMs function not only as structural platforms for metabolite exchange and signaling but also as key regulatory hubs during oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis disruption, or endoplasmic reticulum protein-folding stress
the idiosyncratic response may be extreme sensitivity to low doses or extreme insensitivity to high doses of drugs
doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.08.010 58
das Neves Duarte JM, Kulak A, Gholam-Razaee MM, Cuenod M, Gruetter R, Do KQ
Ten-eleven Translocation (TET) enzymes converts methylcytosine (m 5 C) to hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC), which is not recognized by Dnmt1, it is believed to exclude maintenance methylation allowing for passive demethylation, and it is an intermediate in the active conversion of m 5 C to cytosine (C) 27