Following a structured meal plan that emphasizes easily digestible foods, staying hydrated, and eating appropriate foods can help minimize GI symptoms
Additionally, the ionic environment created by 0.9% NaCl can affect the solubility of certain peptide sequences particularly those with charged residues compared to the lower-ionic-strength environment of bacteriostatic water
Eight major RCTs of GLP-1RAs have investigated the cardiovascular outcomes, including the ELIXA trial of lixisenatide (250), the EXSCEL trial of exenatide ER (251), the LEARDER trial of liraglutide (252), the SUSTAIN-6 trial of subcutaneous semaglutide (253), the HARMONY trial of albiglutide (228), the REWIND trial of dulaglutide (254), the PIONEER trial of oral semaglutide (255), and the SELECT trial of subcutaneous semaglutide (199)
However, their effects and roles in the body are quite different
Some observational studies suggest GLP-1 use correlates with modest AFib incidence in certain subgroups, while others report neutral or beneficial effects through weight loss