Other fronts are advancing quickly: Zepbound won FDA approval in 2024 for obstructive sleep apnea , and NIH-funded studies are testing GLP-1s for opioid use disorder
Most considerations of non-animal alternatives for skin irritation/sensitization testing tend to examine a single aspect of the process (e.g., chemical reactivity, epidermal bioavailability, dendritic cell responses)
El-Serag Journal of Hepatology .2026;[Epub] CrossRef The Role of FGF1 in Chronic Liver Diseases Tao Liu, Meihong Yu, Liu Han, Jing Wu, Deliang Liu, Yuyong Tan Biomedicines .2026
In summary: Survodutide (BI 456906) is an investigational GCGR/GLP-1 dual agonist being developed globally by Boehringer Ingelheim (under license from Zealand Pharma), now in Phase 3 for obesity with compelling Phase 2 weight-loss data that support its differentiation from existing GLP-1 therapies and strong potential across cardiometabolic indications
This phenomenon, often called muscle memory, has a solid physiological basis