Of these, only nesfatin-1 has been established as a modulator of food intake 226 and glucose homeostasis in rodents 227
Buchholz, A
While insulin resistance is considered a defining trait of those with T2DM, individuals with T1DM also develop insulin resistance and this complication is now established as a primary contributor to the development of micro- and macrovascular complications 4,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22
NHS specialist weight management services can provide access to multidisciplinary support, including dietary, behavioural, and pharmacological interventions
To avoid a potential risk of hypercobalaminemia or possible health risks of high-dose dietary supplements, an annual blood test is recommended, after which targeted substitution can be performed