You need to go to a doctor to get a prescription for B12 injections
A scatter plot showing how often PA patients need injections
Glutamate stimulates insulin secretion and improves glucose tolerance in rats
When B12 runs low, symptoms tend to creep in slowly enough to get blamed on something else: persistent fatigue, brain fog, low mood, weight gain or difficulty losing weight, weakness, tingling in the hands or feet, shortness of breath, and a weakened immune system
Further exploration using metabolomics, targeted molecular studies on signaling pathways, and interventional experiments like fecal microbiota transplantation is needed to definitively identify the functional metabolites and specific targets of rhein in preventing and treating ORG, which will provide deeper insights into its clinical application