Not only is TGF essential for maintenance of articular cartilage metabolic and structural homeostasis through regulating the expression of collagen type II and MMP13, the TGF signaling also seems to mediate Smad2/3 to facilitate osteoclastic differentiation and bone resorption, recruit nestin-positive MSCs and osteoprogenitors to resorption pits in subchondral bone, and promote osteoblast terminal maturation, depositing extracellular matrix components Col1 and osteocalcin in bone [117,122-124]
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Simply add the recommended amount to your pets food, adjusting the dosage based on their weight and needs
4F, Supplementary Table 4)
In addition, Hyaluronic Acid also has the ability to regulate protein and vascular permeability , helping to promote cellular repair