Microscopy Brightfield and fluorescence microscopy were carried out on an Olympus IX70 inverted microscope
The primary antibodies employed were: P53 (Proteintech, 60283-2-Ig), pSer46-P53 (CST, 2521), FOXO4 (Proteintech, 21535-1-AP), P21 (CST, 2947), P16 (CST, 18769), BAX (CST, 2772), BCL2 (CST, 3498), Ki-67 (Proteintech, 84192-4-RR), Lamin B (CST, 13435), Cleaved Caspase 3 (CST, 9664), -H2AX (Abcam, ab81299), and GAPDH (Abcam, ab8245) as an internal reference for normalizing protein expression levels
For oral administration in mice, NR and NMN are first metabolized by the liver or GI tract into NAM, which can then be taken up by other tissues
Mechanisms of Action and Potential Benefits One of the most intriguing features of Dihexa is its suspected role in promoting synaptogenesis the formation of new synaptic connections in the brain
When applied topically, it improved wound contraction, formation of new tissue, and stimulated new blood vessel growth