The enhanced hepatic mitochondrial activity in the context of TKT deficiency has been shown to be the result of increased phospholipid synthesis, particularly increased synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which represents the major phospholipid in the mitochondrial membrane
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) Assay In this assay performed on HaCaT keratinocytes cells, the cells were treated with GHK, GHK-Cu, CuCl 2 and Cu(OAc) 2 for 30 mins at 7 different concentrations each, ranging from 0.0058 to 5800 M0.0058 M, 0.058 M, 0.58 M, 5.8 M, 58 M, 580 M, 5800 M
Cabungcal JH, Preissman D, Delseth C, Cunod M, Do KQ, Schenk F (2007)
The problem with daily long-term therapy is that while BPC-157 and TB-500 have an abundance of science behind their roles in tissue repair, which is exactly what theyre intended for, for ongoing wellness without a diagnosis of injury they are likely far beyond the dose-response curve at which beneficial effects can be proven
PMID 22669710