B 12 deficiency can also result in neurological problems
The primary components typically include methionine, inositol, choline, vitamin B12, and other B vitamins
The active receptor targets are the same, but the formulation, source, and regulatory pathway differ
Clinicians must also avoid intravenous administration in the presence of severe sino-atrial, atrioventricular, or intraventricular conduction block in the absence of functional pacemaker support, as well as in classic Adams-Stokes or Wolff-Parkinson-White syndromes, where suppression of accessory pathways may paradoxically precipitate fatal arrhythmias
When adverse effects occurred, they were typically mild and transient, with the most common being mild to moderate headaches (similar frequency to placebo groups), minor injection site reactions (redness, slight swelling), and gastrointestinal effects at higher oral doses (nausea, diarrhea)