Several investigators have suggested, however, that the antioxidant effects of creatine can be attributed to indirect antioxidant mechanisms such as hydration, membrane stabilisation and improved energy capacity of the cell ( Reference Wyss and Schulze 1 , Reference Persky and Brazeau 16 )
PLoS One 12 (4), e0175262
This DMF concentration didnt reduce cell viability under non-BSO pretreatment condition and reduced cell viability less than 5% under BSO pretreatment condition (Supplementary Figure S2)
doi: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.02.007 339
Clinical studies demonstrate minimal impact on cortisol levels (unlike GHRP-6 and GHRP-2), negligible prolactin elevation, and no significant effects on FSH, LH, TSH, or ACTH at therapeutic dosages