Pregnancy and breastfeeding represent additional contraindications due to lack of safety data in these populations
Rapid inactivation of these incretin hormones by DPP-4 leads to an insufficient release of insulin following oral glucose intake [31] and many of the physiological signs of T2DM, such as deteriorating glycemic control, are secondary to incretin inactivation by DPP-4
Alcohol interferes with the absorption, metabolism, and utilization of vitamins and minerals that the brain, nervous system, immune system, liver, and detoxification pathways depend on to function and repair (1,2)
Monitoring may be advised during treatment
Similarly, chelating agents like EDTA can bind copper ions, reducing the peptides efficacy