The subsequent downstream signaling cascade initiated from substrates of the insulin receptor activates kinases and transcription factors vital in promoting cell metabolism, neuronal growth and differentiation, gene transcription, synaptic plasticity, and neuroprotection [133] (Fig
GLP-1 Therapeutics and Market Context Evolution of the GLP-1 Drug Class GLP-1 receptor agonists mimic the natural GLP-1 hormone
The most common side effects associated with GLP-1 drugs are gastrointestinal, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain, and constipation
STEP 5 examined long-term outcomes over 104 weeks (2 years)
For instance, the metabolite hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), which was produced by Desulfovibrio has been shown to impair GLP-1 expression, thereby disrupting host glucose metabolism (Qi et al., 2024)