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Despite the compatibility of MT-II with a nasal spray format and the advantages of nasal delivery of peptides, there are some important factors to consider to ensure consistent dosing and maximal effectiveness: The area within the nasal membrane responsible for absorption is small and can accommodate a relatively limited volume of liquid/aerosol delivered via spray

doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.724030 20 DruckerDJ

Conversely, the same analysis found no difference in weight loss for exenatide once weekly or liraglutide between patients experiencing gastrointestinal adverse events and those with none in DURATION-6 [52]

Last updated: January 13, 2026

17b), also decreased berberine binding significantly (Fig