morphine, acting in concert with nitric oxide, helps ensure that energy expenditure and mitochondrial respiration do not escalate into damaging overactivity
decreased appetite (7% vs 5%)
Palacios-Gonzlez B, Ramrez-Salazar EG, Rivera-Paredez B, Quiterio M, Flores YN, Macias-Kauffer L, et al
In severe cases, it may cause difficulty breathing, necessitating immediate medical attention
Overall, the available research suggests that treatment with intravenous or oral lipoic acid may help reduce symptoms of diabetic peripheral neuropathy